Yakovlev UT-3

The Yakovlev UT-3, first known as the AIR-17 and then the Ya-17, was a twin-engine low-wing monoplane designed by Alexander Sergeyevich Yakovlev as a trainer for the Soviet Air Force. It was meant to train multi-engine pilots, air gunners, bomb aimers, navigators and radio operators. The airframe was built mostly of wood and fabric-covered mild steel tube, and the prototype used imported French Renault 6Q-01 engines of 220 hp while production aircraft may have used Voronezh MV-6 engines. Tested in 1938, it was approved as the UT-3 and ordered in 1940 at factories in Leningrad and Kazan, but only around thirty were built before the orders were cancelled, because the air force chose modified multi-engine combat aircraft with dual controls instead. A civil transport derivative, the Ya-19, was built once.