Boneshaker

The boneshaker is an early type of bicycle that emerged in the 1860s, generally credited to French inventors who added pedals directly to the front wheel of an earlier walking machine, making it the first pedal-driven bicycle to see wide production and use. Built with a wooden or iron frame and iron-rimmed wheels with no form of suspension, it earned its nickname from the harsh, jarring ride it gave on the cobbled and unpaved roads of the era, a discomfort that later designs worked to correct. It was quickly superseded within a decade or so by larger front-wheeled machines such as the penny-farthing, but its introduction of direct pedal propulsion marked the start of the bicycle as a mass-produced vehicle rather than a novelty.