Nord Stream is a system of underwater natural gas pipelines running beneath the Baltic Sea from Russia to Germany, built to move Russian gas to European markets without transiting the land routes across Ukraine, Poland or Belarus that earlier pipelines depended on. A first pair of pipelines entered service in the early 2010s, and a second pair, Nord Stream 2, was completed but never entered commercial operation amid European objections and geopolitical tension between Russia and the West. In 2022 explosions damaged several of the pipeline lines, taking them out of operation and turning what had been framed mainly as an energy infrastructure project into a subject of ongoing investigation and dispute.
Facts
Disputed
Completion YearNord Stream comprises two separate pipeline projects rather than one completion date: Nord Stream 1 entered service in 2011, while Nord Stream 2 was completed in 2021 but never entered service after Germany withheld opening permission in February 2022. SignificanceThe first pipeline that bypassed Ukraine and Poland to deliver Russian natural gas directly to Western Europe. 1 Classification
StatusDecommissioned or Closed 1 Sources
1. Wikipedia: Nord Stream
WikipediaLead section
Nord Stream 1 (NS1) runs from Vyborg, in northwestern Russia near Finland, and entered service in 2011.
Lead section, Nord Stream 1 entered-service sentence
Nord Stream 1 (NS1) runs from Vyborg, in northwestern Russia near Finland, and entered service in 2011.
Lead section, bypassed-Ukraine-and-Poland sentence
It was the first pipeline that bypassed Ukraine and Poland to deliver Russian natural gas directly to West Europe.
NS1 operations section
From 31 August 2022, Gazprom halted delivery indefinitely, officially because of maintenance.
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