Orbital Spaceflight

Under his leadership, the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite; Laika, the first animal to orbit Earth; Luna 2, the first human-made object to reach another celestial body; and Belka and Strelka, the first animals to survive orbital spaceflight.

was the first rocket in the Ariane family of expendable launch systems

was a European expendable space launch vehicle

was a European expendable carrier rocket

placing Intelsat 907 into geosynchronous orbit

Hermes was intended as a reusable launch system to transport astronauts and moderate-size cargo payloads into low Earth orbit (LEO) and back.

making possible insertion into low Earth parking orbit

Delta IV was a group of five expendable launch systems in the Delta rocket family.

It is a two-stage-to-orbit launch vehicle

Boeing Starliner Calypso (Spacecraft 3) is a space capsule manufactured by Boeing and used in NASA's Commercial Crew Program.

Boeing Starliner Spacecraft 2 is the first of two active Boeing CST-100 Starliner spacecraft developed and built under NASA's Commercial Crew Program.

The Boeing CST-100 Starliner is a spacecraft designed to transport crew to and from the International Space Station (ISS) and other low-Earth-orbit destinations.

The Boeing X-37, also known as the Orbital Test Vehicle (OTV), is a reusable robotic spacecraft.

The Lockheed Star Clipper was a proposed Earth-to-orbit spaceplane based on a large lifting body spacecraft and a wrap-around drop tank.

Even before its ICBM use ended in 1965, Atlas had placed four Project Mercury astronauts in orbit

to send astronauts into low Earth orbit

The Atlas-Centaur was a United States expendable launch vehicle

The Atlas SLV-3, or SLV-3 Atlas was an American expendable launch system

was an American expendable launch system and sounding rocket

was an American expendable launch system derived from the Atlas-Centaur

Atlas H could put a payload of 3,630 kg (8,000 lb) into low Earth orbit

was used to launch several Pioneer spacecraft towards the Moon

It was used to launch the first five Mariner uncrewed probes to the planets Venus and Mars

The Centaur is a family of rocket-propelled upper stages that has been in use since 1962.

Titan IV was a family of heavy-lift space launch vehicles

Orbit: elliptical, 160 km × 240 km (99 mi × 149 mi)

was a single-stage-to-orbit reusable launch system

The S-IV was the second stage of the Saturn I rocket used by NASA for early flights in the Apollo program.

The S-IVB (pronounced "S-four-B") was the third stage on the Saturn V and second stage on the Saturn IB launch vehicles.

the first launch vehicle the United States would use to place a satellite into orbit

to carry payloads to Earth orbit for the United States Air Force (USAF), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)

Mercury MA-6 First US manned orbital mission

The Tupolev OOS was a Soviet concept for an air-launched, single-stage-to-orbit spaceplane.

In 2002, Musk founded and became CEO and chief engineer of SpaceX, a space technology company.

The Voskhod (Russian: Восход, lit. 'Sunrise') was a spacecraft built by the Soviet Union's space program for human spaceflight as part of the Voskhod programme.

Progress (Russian: Прогресс) is a Russian expendable cargo spacecraft.

was a Soviet missile developed during the Cold War, and the world's first intercontinental ballistic missile

was a 1980s super-heavy lift launch vehicle

was a super heavy-lift launch vehicle of the Soviet space program

was the world's first space station

was a space station operated in low Earth orbit from 1986 to 2001

The rocket was given the name Molniya due to the large number of Molniya communication satellites the rockets launched.

This family of rockets launched the first artificial satellite (Sputnik 1) and the first crewed spacecraft (Vostok) in human history.

The Voskhod rocket was designed for the human spaceflight programme but later used for launching Zenit reconnaissance satellites.

The Polyus spacecraft was launched 15 May 1987 from Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 250 as part of the first flight of the Energia system, but failed to reach orbit.

Zvezda was launched on a Proton launch vehicle on 12 July 2000

it is operated by Roscosmos for human spaceflight missions to the International Space Station (ISS).

It provided the ISS with one docking port for Soyuz and Progress spacecraft

Poisk docked to the zenith port of the Zvezda module on 12 November 2009, and serves as a docking port for Soyuz and Progress spacecraft and as an airlock for spacewalks.

Three crews attempted to make stays aboard Salyut 4

Salyut 6 was the first space station to receive large numbers of crewed and uncrewed spacecraft

Salyut 7 was part of the transition from monolithic to modular space stations

Rassvet is primarily used for cargo storage and as a docking port for visiting spacecraft.

was a spacecraft built by Energia and used by Roscosmos for human spaceflight

Soyuz spacecraft used for ferry flights to the Mir and ISS space stations

reflecting its primary role ferrying crews to and from space stations

The 7K-OK was used for the first ferry flights to the Salyut space station program

the 7K-T, being intended purely as a space station ferry

The first 43 Progress M spacecraft supported Mir, with later missions servicing the International Space Station (ISS).

Progress MS-01 conducted its maiden flight on 21 December 2015, heading to the International Space Station (ISS).

The spacecraft will send cosmonauts to lunar orbit, with a plan to place a space station there

delivering a Progress cargo spacecraft to the International Space Station

delivered crewed Soyuz spacecraft to space stations Salyut 7 and Mir

is optimized for small payloads

were four-stage rockets designed for low Earth orbit missions

launch its namesake Molniya and also Oko satellites into Molniya orbits

flies from Site 45, the former Zenit launch site, at the Baikonur Cosmodrome

was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome

is a Russian rocket upper stage designed for use with the Soyuz-2 and Soyuz-2.1v rockets

The Ikar could deliver payloads of 750 to 3,920 kilograms (1,650 to 8,640 lb) to orbits between 250 and 1,400 kilometres (160 and 870 mi) in altitude.

Sun-synchronous orbit on 26 July 2008, atop a Soyuz-2.1b carrier rocket

It was created to test the LK lunar lander in low Earth orbit

the rockets that had been completed were used to launch reconnaissance satellites

On 12 April 1961, a Vostok-K rocket was used to launch Vostok 1, the first human spaceflight

was a commercial Earth observation satellite

were a series of Russian (previously Soviet) reconnaissance satellites

was a series of Russian, and previously Soviet photoreconnaissance satellites

was a series of military photoreconnaissance satellites launched by the Soviet Union

is a series of Soviet and Russian biosatellites focused on space medicine

was a type of Russian reconnaissance satellite and the last operational member of the Yantar series of satellites

intended to become Russia's main launch vehicle for crewed spaceflight after 2018

is a Russian microgravity and bioscience research spacecraft launched in July 2014

was a Russian commercial Earth observation satellite capable of acquiring high-resolution imagery

designed to carry biological, physiological and biotechnological experiments to low Earth orbit and return them to Earth

orbital launch vehicle currently in the design concept stage of development

the third stage/crew compartment would orbit the Earth at an altitude of 500 mi (800 km)

The S-IC (pronounced S-one-C) was the first stage of the American Saturn V rocket.

Black Arrow, officially capitalised BLACK ARROW, was a British liquid-fuelled three-stage expendable launch system.

It can launch up to 4,500 kg (9,900 lb) into geosynchronous transfer orbit (GTO) and 10,350 kg (22,820 lb) into low Earth orbit (LEO).

Maia is an orbital reusable launch vehicle currently under development by the French startup MaiaSpace

Ariane Next is a future European partially reusable launch vehicle planned to succeed Ariane 6, with an entry into service in the 2030s.

reusable two-stage sea-launched orbital super heavy-lift launch vehicle

placed NASA's Mars Observer spacecraft into heliocentric orbit

Thirteen were launched from Space Launch Complex 4W (SLC-4W) at the Vandenberg Air Force Base between 1988 and 2003.

served as a prototype of the Scout

was an American expendable launch system and sounding rocket

It was a member of the Scout family of rockets.

was an American sounding rocket and expendable launch system

sounding rocket which was flown in 1962

was an American expendable launch system and sounding rocket

was an American expendable launch system

was an American expendable launch system

It was able to lift approximately 3,000 kg (6,600 lb) into a polar low-Earth circular orbit.

Titan IIID was flown 22 times with KH-9 and KH-11 satellites between 1971 and 1982, all successful launches.

The Titan 34D had a payload capacity of 14,515 kg (32,000 lb) to low Earth orbit, and of 5,000 kg (11,000 lb) to a GTO.

the Transtage failed to pressurize, resulting in a premature cutoff and failure to reach orbit

intended to launch the Manned Orbiting Laboratory and other payloads

was an American upper stage used on Titan III rockets

During lift-off and ascent it supplied the fuel and oxidizer under pressure to the three RS-25 main engines in the orbiter.

The MMU allowed the astronauts to perform untethered extravehicular spacewalks at a distance from the shuttle.

Israeli indigenous satellite series.

is a 3-axis-stabilized satellite with a mostly rectangular spacecraft bus

AMOS-2 is an Israeli commercial second generation communication satellite

is an Israeli communications satellite operated by Spacecom Satellite Communications

AMOS-4 is an Israeli commercial communications satellite

AMOS-6 was an Israeli communications satellite

is an Israeli reconnaissance satellite

The EROS A was launched on 5 December 2000, at 12:32 UTC, from Svobodny Cosmodrome, Launch Complex-5 in eastern Siberia.

The EROS-B was launched on 25 April 2006, at 16:47:16 UTC from Svobodny Cosmodrome, Launch Complex-5 in eastern Siberia.

Ofek-16 was launched on 6 July 2020 at 04:00 local time (01:00 UTC) from Palmachim Airbase in central Israel by a Shavit 2 launch vehicle, and deployed into low Earth orbit.

OPTSAT-3000 launched from Guiana Space Centre ELV, French Guiana, on board a Vega rocket.

The Ofeq-7 was launched by a Shavit 2 space launch vehicle on 10 June 2007 at 23:40 UTC.

It was launched on 22 June 2010, at 19:00 UTC, from Palmachim Air Baise in Israel.

Ofek-11 was launched on 13 September 2016, at 14:38 UTC from the Palmachim Airbase in Israel

The satellite is planned to be launched into a geosynchronous orbit in late 2027.

The project was started in April 2005 and was launched on 2 August 2017.

Ofeq-10 was launched westward in a retrograde orbit

After its launch, it was raised to its final geostationary orbit by firing the apogee boost motor in phases.

Ofeq-13 was launched westward in a retrograde orbit.

In line with the original launch plan, the satellite entered its orbit, began transmission and underwent a series of initial tests.

BGUSAT was successfully launched on February 15, 2017, 03:58 UTC on PSLV-C37

Starship missions include lifting payloads to Earth orbit

Cosmic Girl, a modified Boeing 747, hauled Virgin Orbit's LauncherOne rocket to high altitudes and then dropped it, after which LauncherOne made its own way to orbit.