Lockheed Model 12 Electra Junior

The Lockheed Model 12 Electra Junior, more commonly called the Lockheed 12 or L-12, is an eight-seat, six-passenger all-metal twin-engine transport aircraft of the late 1930s, designed for small airlines, companies and wealthy private owners. It is a scaled-down Model 10 Electra and was not popular as an airliner but was widely used as a corporate and government transport, and several were used to test new aviation technologies. Lockheed built it to enter a US Bureau of Air Commerce competition for a small feeder airliner, whose prototype had to fly by 30 June 1936. It used the same 450 horsepower Pratt and Whitney Wasp Junior engines as the Electra 10A, giving a top speed of 225 miles per hour, and kept the Electra's twin tail fins. The first flight was on 27 June 1936, three days before the deadline, and Lockheed won by default because the other two entrants were not ready. Nearly every Lockheed 12 built was a Model 12A or derived from it.